Friday, September 10, 2010

Mughal Dynasty

The Mughal Empire was the dominant power in the Indian subcontinent between the mid 16th century and 18. Founded in 1526, was officially survived until 1858, when it was supplanted by the British Raj. The dynasty is often referred to as the Timur dynasty as Babur was a descendant of Timur.

The Mughal dynasty was founded when Babur of Ferghana (Uzbekistan Modern), invaded the northern regions of India and defeated Ibrahim Shah Lodhi, the governor of New Delhi, during the first battle of Panipat in 1526. The Mughal Empire during the Delhi Sultanate as rulers of northern India. Over time, the state founded by Babur, far exceeded the limits of the Sultanate of Delhi at the end includes an important part of India and earning the nickname the empire. A brief interregnum (1540-1555) during the reign of the son of Babur, Humayun, saw the birth of Suri dynasty of Afghanistan under Sher Shah Suri, a competent and effective leader, and Indian kings own hem Chandra Vikramaditya, also called Hemu.

However, premature death Sher Shah and military incompetence of his successors allowed Humayun to regain the throne in 1555. However, Humayun died a few months later and was succeeded by his son, 13, Akbar the Great.

The higher plots expansion mughal held during the reign of Akbar (1556-1605). The empire remained the dominant force in the Indian subcontinent today to more than one hundred years by his successors Jahangir, Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb. The first six emperors, who enjoyed power both facto''jure''''e''de are generally referred to by a name, a title adopted in the accession of each emperor. The title in question is in bold in the list below.

Akbar the Great, has initiated some important political as religious liberalism (abolition of the tax jizya), the inclusion of Hindus in the affairs of the empire, and the alliance of political marriage with the caste Rajput Hindus, who were innovative for the environment but also adopted some policies of Sher Shah Suri, the division of the empire in Rajs Sarko, administration of the empire. These policies, which undoubtedly served to maintain power and stability of the empire, like the Hindu population had shown resistance to the Islamic conquest in recent years on the subcontinent.

These were preserved by his two immediate successors but were discarded by Aurangzeb, which followed a stricter interpretation of Islam and followed a more stringent policy of intolerance for the practice of their religion. Moreover, Aurangzeb spent nearly his entire career trying to expand his kingdom of the Deccan and southern India, Assam in the east, this adventure harmed the resources of the empire while provoking strong resistance from Marathi, Rajput, Sikh Assam Ahoms Punjab. Ahoms in Assam resisted the Mughal invasions, the last battle is the battle of Saraighat.

It is interesting to note in this regard that, while India said a leader for nearly three hundred years, has never ruled out the geographic reach of the Indian subcontinent. The power was mainly focused that Delhi is for historical reasons, but is considered a strategic stronghold has always been a strong independent Hindu kingdoms which retained their sovereignty and offered strong resistance to Mughal expansion.

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